Value flow in Procurement ( Beschaffungsprozess )

• Material group
• Account determination
• Commitments management
• 459509 - FAQ: Commitments in purchasing
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Material group

Eine Warengruppe ist eine Gruppierung von Materialien, für die unter Umständen keine Materialnummer vorhanden ist. Aus der Warengruppe kann auch eine Kontierung abgeleitet werden, sie unterstützt also eine automatisierte Verarbeitung.

Account determination 

Die Bewertungsebene legt fest, ob die Kontenfindung für alle Werke eines Buchungskreises identisch ist oder ob Sie die Kontenfindung pro Werk ausprägen können.  Das Werk als Bewertungsebene muss verpflichtend gewählt werden, wenn die Komponente PP (Produktionsplanung) oder die Produktkalkulation in CO genutzt werden sollen. 

• Die Bewertungsklasse können wir als Gruppierung der Materialien aus Sicht der MM-Kontenfindung verstehen.
• Die Bewertungsklassen können Sie dazu zunächst zu sogenannten Kontoklassenreferenzen gruppieren.
• Die Kontoklassenreferenzen werden wiederum den Materialarten zugeordnet

Commitments management

Purchase orders or purchase requisitions lead to financial commitments with varying degrees of obligation. Commitments reserve funds for costs that will be incurred at a future date. Therefore, commitments must be included in funds monitoring.

Commitments are created through purchase requisitions and purchase orders. Commitments are reduced by various business transactions such goods receipt. The commitments data is transferred to Controlling.

1. Creation of CommitmentsFor example, specific goods are ordered for an internal order, a cost center, or a project. A purchase order commitment is created that is equivalent to the purchase order value. The system executes all commitments in the currency used, in the original business transaction.
2. Reducing the Commitment. The commitment is reduced by business transactions (such as goods receipts) and actual costs are incurred by the corresponding account assignment object.
3. Carrying Forward Commitments at Year-End-Closing

Commitments Management distinguishes between three types of commitments, depending on the account assignment object:

• Order Commitment: The commitment is initially assigned to an order.
• Cost Center Commitment: The commitment is initially assigned to a cost center.
• Project Commitment: The commitment is initially assigned to a project, or to a work breakdown structure element.

You activate commitments management:

• For each controlling area from a chosen fiscal year
• For orders per order type
• For cost centers per cost center type

The following data is relevant to creating the PReq commitment:

• The value of the purchase requisition
• Planned delivery date
• Account assignment

A purchase order commitment includes anticipated delivery costs. These costs are managed separately by the system. They are displayed individually according to origin (for example, freight costs, duty costs, packaging). This distinction between the delivery costs and the purchase order itself ensures that you can clearly display the different currencies in which the individual cost components are incurred.

The goods receipt indicator in the purchase order determines when the commitment is reduced and actual costs are set up (that is, in the detail screen for the purchase order item).

• GR indicator set: Commitment is reduced when goods are received.
• GR Indicator is not set: Commitment is reduced when invoices are received.

Depending on the account assignment object used, you can display commitments using the information system for Internal Orders, Cost Center Accounting, or for Project Systems.

• Cost Center Accounting: Financials    Controlling    Cost Center Accounting   Information System
• Internal Orders: Financials   Controlling    Internal Orders   Information System for Internal Orders
• Projects: Financials   Project System   Project Information System

For documents with a valuated goods receipt, when setting the delivery completed indicator the commitments values should be totally reduced.

Stock transfer requisition and stock transfer order will not update commitment. From release 470, it's possible to handle commitments for stock transport requisitions/orders when BADI ME_COMMITMENT_STO_CH is active. Refer to note 604033.
For stock transfer orders, you need to make sure that the condition type which is commitment relevant is maintained.

459509 - FAQ: Commitments in purchasing

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